Cryptocurrency #1. Bitcoin(BTC)
Coin
#1: Bitcoin (BTC)
In the digital
age, the ideal brand-new currency should have at least these three
characteristics:
It should be free
from the control of any authority so that it cannot be manipulated and printed
at will (and devalued), and nobody can tell anyone what they can and cannot use
it for.
The currency
should be borderless, so that it can be easily exchanged across any location
with anyone.
It should be apolitical, so as to not favor a specific system or group of people. In a nutshell, these (among many others) are the characteristics of bitcoin, which looks like an appealing alternative to any fiat-based monetary system.
Bitcoin is the
world’s first decentralized digital currency. Its value primarily comes from it
being the first digital currency that no single person, organization or
authority has control over. Anyone can buy it, anyone can receive it — and
nobody can tell anyone what they can or cannot do with it.
It is a money
free from dictatorship, oppression and hyperinflation, and a financial safe
haven for anyone living under those circumstances. It has a limited supply of
approximately 21 million total bitcoins that will never be changed, and we know
exactly how many are being released into the world at what rate, as well as
approximately when the last bitcoin will be created.
It is generally
more difficult to understand why a decentralized currency is valuable to people
who live in first-world countries because their society’s money is most likely
very sound, or so it appears to be. In order for people in first-world
countries to understand why bitcoin is valuable, they must recognize why the
fiat money system is unsound.
In reality, any
money controlled by a central bank is not truly sound, when you consider the
big picture. Generally speaking, governments have created monetary systems that
allow them to manipulate the supply of their country’s money, assuring its
value is backed by their word that it will always be worth something. The
problem is that “something” has slowly been worth less and less since fiat
money was taken off of the gold standard.
The reason for
this is simple: Governments like to spend more than they accrue from taxes and
other income streams; so, by their own power, they print enough money for their
needs. When more money is printed and put into an economy, it decreases the
value of each dollar already in circulation.
Bitcoin’s beautifully designed characteristics
mean it is poised to have an impact in people’s lives in the most unstable
economies (like Argentina and Venezuela, for example), where the government
heavily manipulates its money.
As a brief
primer, countries like Venezuela and Argentina have experienced times where
their governments printed so much of their own currency that their citizens
were not able to spend it fast enough before it would lose value. This has
happened multiple times in each country and, as a result, their entire monetary
systems fell apart, and affected citizens had to find an alternative medium of
exchange.
People are entitled
to freedom as a human right, and governments who ruin their own money arguably
take away their people’s economic freedom. Their access to the same economic
opportunities as the rest of the world is virtually non-existent, and thus the
greatest thing they desire is a currency that can’t be controlled by a reckless
central authority.
In 1912, Ludwig
von Mises, a renowned Austrian economist, wrote in The Theory of Money and
Credit that sound money “has two aspects. It is affirmative in approving the market’s
choice of a commonly used medium of exchange. It is negative in obstructing the
government’s propensity to meddle with the currency system.”
He continues, “It
is impossible to grasp the meaning of the idea of sound money if one does not realize
that it was devised as an instrument for the protection of civil liberties
against despotic inroads on the part of governments.”
WHY DO WE USE
FIAT MONEY?
The reason why
most people accept our current monetary system is because it’s what we have and
it’s what we have had for as long as we can remember. Because people alive
today were born into the existing system of government-issued money, most of
society has accepted that the gradual increase in price for everything from
groceries to education is a natural phenomenon.
It is hard to
believe that prices will gradually increase forever, and coffee could very well
be close to $20 per cup in 50 years (compared to the $2 average today and the
$0.15 it cost in 1920). We accept that these increases are the natural result
of inflation, which they correctly are, but the underlying reason why the
inflation occurs in the first place is due to manipulations of a central
authority. Unfortunately, when people are used to something for so long, they
naturally find it hard to believe that a newer way might be better.
WHY BITCOIN IS
VALUABLE
These core flaws
that plague the fiat monetary system do not exist in bitcoin. Bitcoin’s supply
is fixed by code that all participants of the network agree upon. The distribution
rate of new bitcoins into the world is fixed and transparent, as is the
approximate date when the last bitcoin will be created. Bitcoin also has no
public face that can strongly influence the direction of the currency. It’s the
correction of these flaws of our current system that bring value to bitcoin.
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